Population dynamics and land-use patterns in the southwestern Baltic region during the Neolithic and the Bronze Age

Preface of the series editors
Preface of the author

1 Introduction
1.1 Study region
1.1.1 Coordinates and reference systems
1.1.2 Landscape and geomorphology
1.2 Technical requirements

2 State of the archaeological research in the region
2.1 Chronology
2.1.1 The Funnel Beaker Group: Early and Middle Neolithic
2.1.1.1 The Early and Middle Neolithic landscape
2.1.1.2 Settlements and houses during the TRB
2.1.1.3 Burial practices during the TRB
2.1.2 Young Neolithic
2.1.3 Late Neolithic
2.1.3.1 Late Neolithic settlement structure
2.1.3.2 Late Neolithic funerary practice
2.1.4 Bronze Age
2.1.4.1 Metal economy and social organisation
2.1.4.2 Barrow construction and demographic estimates

3 Data
3.1 Archaeological data
3.1.1 Germany
3.1.1.1 Mecklenburg - Western Pomerania
3.1.1.2 Schleswig-Holstein
3.1.2 Sweden
3.1.2.1 Site typologies
3.1.3 Denmark
3.1.4 Case study selection
3.2 Radiocarbon data
3.3 Environmental data
3.3.1 Elevation and distance-based variables
3.3.2 Soil and geological data

4 Demography
4.1 State of the art in Palaeodemography
4.1.1 Radiocarbon dating
4.1.2 Demographic fluctuations in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia
4.2 Household size
4.2.1 House size variation in the study area
4.2.2 House duration
4.3 Case studies
4.3.1 Saxan-Alabaecken valley, western Scania
4.3.1.1 The Early Neolithic
4.3.1.2 Early Neolithic II - Middle Neolithic II
4.3.1.3 Middle Neolithic III - V
4.3.1.4 Demographic estimates
4.3.2 Hyllie area
4.3.2.1 Almhov
4.3.2.2 The other settlements
4.3.3 Thy
4.3.3.1 Bjerre Enge
4.3.3.2 Aas
4.3.4 Cumulative results

5 Methods
5.1 Chronological Modelling
5.1.1 Radiocarbon calibration
5.1.2 Summed Probability Distribution
5.1.3 Kernel Density Estimation
5.2 Point Pattern Analysis
5.2.1 Spatial intensity and Kernel Density Estimation
5.2.2 First-Order properties
5.2.2.1 Rhohat
5.2.2.2 Point Process Models
5.2.3 Second-order properties
5.3 Cluster Analysis
5.3.1 Cluster analysis in archaeology
5.3.2 Clustering algorithms
5.3.2.1 Square Error Clustering
5.3.2.2 Density based clustering
5.3.2.3 Model-based clustering

6 Results
6.1 Chronological Modelling
6.2 Point Pattern Analysis
6.2.1 Point Process Models
6.2.1.1 Bornholm
6.2.1.2 Northwestern Zealand
6.2.1.3 Thy
6.2.1.4 Central Jutland
6.2.1.5 East Holstein
6.3 Cluster Analysis
6.3.1 Bornholm
6.3.2 Northwestern Zealand
6.3.3 Thy
6.3.4 Central Jutland
6.3.5 East Holstein
6.3.6 Ruegen
6.3.7 Southeastern Schleswig (Daenischer Wohld)
6.3.8 Southwestern Scania
6.3.9 Western Scania
6.3.10 Bjaere peninsula and Northeastern Scania
6.4 Demographic model
6.4.1 Carrying capacity estimation
6.4.2 Absolute estimates

7 Discussion
7.1 How many?
7.2 Comparison
7.2.1 Relative demographic reconstructions
7.2.2 Absolute demographic reconstructions
7.3 Modelling considerations

8 Conclusions

References
Acknowledgements

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archaeology; prehistory; demography; Bronze Age; Neolithic; spatial statistics; population dynamics; northern Europe; Baltic