Hedges

Foreword
Introduction

Definitions and variation
Origins of hedges
History
Reservoirs of wildlife
Hedges as wildlife corridors
Hedgerow trees
The shrub layer and its wildlife
The wildlife of hedge bottoms, margins and ditches
Extent, losses and present condition
Traditional purposes
Hedges for cleaner water, soil conservation and less flooding
Hedges for crop pollination and pest control
Hedges for carbon storage and wood fuel
Management
Conclusion

Acknowledgements
Further reading and resources
Illustration credits
Index

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• Ecologia aplicada
• Conservação da vida selvagem e do seu habitat
• Árvores, flores silvestres e plantas
• O campo, a vida no campo
• Agricultura e lavoura

hedge; habitat; farm land; countryside; country living; rural; ecosystem; eco-system; bush; bramble; briar; conservation; wildlife; nature; the natural world; farmland; farming; gardening; bushes; shrub; shrubbery