Human Transformations of the Earth

Preface_x000D_
_x000D_
Acknowledgements_x000D_
_x000D_
1. Introduction: Geoarchaeological approaches in archaeology_x000D_
_x000D_
1.1 Endeavour_x000D_
_x000D_
1.2 Development of the discipline of geoarchaeology as part of archaeological investigations_x000D_
_x000D_
1.3 Importance to archaeology_x000D_
_x000D_
2. Methodological approaches_x000D_
_x000D_
2.1 Approaches in the field_x000D_
_x000D_
2.1.1 Landscape to soil-scape_x000D_
_x000D_
2.1.2 Soils and palaeosols_x000D_
_x000D_
2.1.3 Formulating research designs_x000D_
_x000D_
2.2 Basic characterisation techniques_x000D_
_x000D_
2.2.1 Field prospection and soil/sediment profile description_x000D_
_x000D_
2.2.2 pH and water quality_x000D_
_x000D_
2.2.3 Loss-on ignition_x000D_
_x000D_
2.2.4 Magnetic susceptibility_x000D_
_x000D_
2.3 More involved techniques_x000D_
_x000D_
2.3.1 Phosphorus (or phosphate) content_x000D_
_x000D_
2.3.2 Multi-element analysis_x000D_
_x000D_
2.3.3 Soil nutrient and fertility status_x000D_
_x000D_
2.3.4 Micromorphology_x000D_
_x000D_
2.3.5FTIR, XRF, EDAX, XRD and SEM_x000D_
_x000D_
2.4 Establishing chronologies: Radiocarbon, OSL and Bayesian statistics_x000D_
_x000D_
2.5 Scales of resolution_x000D_
_x000D_
2.6 Soil nomenclature and classification_x000D_
_x000D_
3. Soil transformation trajectories in temperate European landscapes_x000D_
_x000D_
3.1 The beginnings to woodland soil development_x000D_
_x000D_
3.2 Disturbance and degradation of woodland soils_x000D_
_x000D_
3.3 Agricultural soil development_x000D_
_x000D_
3.4 Woodland to pasture soils_x000D_
_x000D_
3.5 Acidification and podzolisation_x000D_
_x000D_
3.6 Erosion and colluviation_x000D_
_x000D_
3.7 Alluviation, floodplains and waterlogging_x000D_
_x000D_
3.8 Wetland soils_x000D_
_x000D_
3.9 Cumulative soils_x000D_
_x000D_
4. Soil transformation trajectories in southern Mediterranean landscape systems_x000D_
_x000D_
4.1 Brown to red Mediterranean soils_x000D_
_x000D_
4.2 Xeric calcitic soils and soil erosion_x000D_
_x000D_
4.3 Erosion, alluviation and wadi development_x000D_
_x000D_
5. Soil transformation trajectories in arid/semi-arid soil systems_x000D_
_x000D_
5.1 Aridisols_x000D_
_x000D_
5.2 Colluvial/alluvial systems_x000D_
_x000D_
5.2.1 The Burj-Masadpur area of the Indus valley, northern India_x000D_
_x000D_
5.2.2 The central Rio Puerco, New Mexico_x000D_
_x000D_
5.2.3 The lower Ica valley, southern Peru_x000D_
_x000D_
5.2.4 The Kerio-Embobut valleys in Marakwet, north-central Kenya_x000D_
_x000D_
5.3 Terracing and irrigation_x000D_
_x000D_
5.3.1 Aksum, northern Ethiopia_x000D_
_x000D_
5.3.2 Konso, southern Ethiopia,_x000D_
_x000D_
5.3.3 Engaruka, northern Tanzania_x000D_
_x000D_
5.3.4 Sangayaico in the upper Ica valley, southern Peru_x000D_
_x000D_
6. Timescales and longevity of soil processes_x000D_
_x000D_
6.1 Timescales and longevity of soil properties_x000D_
_x000D_
6.2 Soil horizonation and structural development_x000D_
_x000D_
6.3 Within-soil illuviation and textural changes: stability, disturbance and erosion_x000D_
_x000D_
7. Understanding long-term resilience in transformed soils_x000D_
_x000D_
Bibliography_x000D_
_x000D_
Appendices_x000D_
_x000D_
1. Site gazeteer

Este título pertence ao(s) assunto(s) indicados(s). Para ver outros títulos clique no assunto desejado.

• Ciências do solo, sedimentologia
• História geral e do mundo
• Arqueologia por períodos e regiões
• Arqueologia da paisagem
• Arqueologia ambiental
• Metodologia e técnicas da arqueologia

agriculture; archaeological landscape; Archaeological Method & Theory/Environmental & Earth Sciences; Britain; clearance activity; East Africa; environmental degradation; Holocene; Holocene warming; Landscape Archaeology; Mediterranean; northern India; palaeo-environmental; Peru; Soil; soil system; south-eastern Europe